Rujukan Kemaskulinan beracun

  1. ↑ Hess, Peter (21 November 2016). "Sexism may be bad for men's mental health". Popular Science (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 
  2. 1 2 Kaplan, Sarah (22 November 2016). "Sexist men have psychological problems". The Washington Post. 
  3. ↑ Liu, William Ming (14 April 2016). "How Trump's 'Toxic Masculinity' Is Bad for Other Men". Motto (Time). New York. 
  4. 1 2 Levant, Ronald F. (1996). "The new psychology of men" (PDF). Professional Psychology: Research and Practice. 27 (3): 259–265. doi:10.1037/0735-7028.27.3.259. 
  5. ↑ Liu, William Ming; Shepard, Samuel J. (2011). "Masculinity Competency Typology for Men Who Migrate". dalam Blazina, C.; Shen-Miller, D.S. An International Psychology of Men: Theoretical Advances, Case Studies, and Clinical Innovations. Routledge. m/s. 8. ISBN 978-1-13-528065-9. 
  6. ↑ Keith, Thomas (2017). Masculinities in Contemporary American Culture: An Intersectional Approach to the Complexities and Challenges of Male Identity. Routledge. m/s. 2. ISBN 978-1-31-759534-2. In some ways, bullying and other forms of coercion and violence are part of what has been termed toxic masculinity, a form of masculinity that creates hierarchies favoring some and victimizing others. Disrupting these forms of toxic masculinity benefits boys and men, rather than attacks and blames men for these behaviors. 
  7. ↑ Liu, William Ming (2017). "Gender Role Conflict". dalam Nadal, Kevin L. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Psychology and Gender. Thousand Oaks, Calif. m/s. 711. ISBN 978-1-48-338427-6. 
  8. ↑ Weir, Kirsten (February 2017). "The men America left behind". Monitor on Psychology (dalam bahasa Inggeris). American Psychological Association. 48 (2): 34. 
  9. ↑ Salam, Maya (22 January 2019). "What Is Toxic Masculinity?". The New York Times. 
  10. ↑ Fortin, Jacey (10 January 2019). "Traditional Masculinity Can Hurt Boys, Say New A.P.A. Guidelines". The New York Times. 
  11. ↑ Wong, Y. Joel; dll. (2017). "Meta-analyses of the relationship between conformity to masculine norms and mental health-related outcomes" (PDF). Journal of Counseling Psychology. 64 (1): 80–93. doi:10.1037/cou0000176. 
  12. ↑ Panko, Ben (22 November 2016). "Sexism Sucks for Everybody, Science Confirms". Smithsonian (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 
  13. ↑ Muparamoto, Nelson (December 2012). "'Trophy-hunting scripts' among male university students in Zimbabwe" (PDF). African Journal of AIDS Research. 11 (4): 319–326. doi:10.2989/16085906.2012.754831. ISSN 1608-5906. PMID 25860190. 
  14. Connell, R. W.; Messerschmidt, James W. (December 2005). "Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept" (PDF). Gender and Society. 19 (6): 829–859. JSTOR 27640853. 
  15. Dowd, Nancy E. (2000). Redefining Fatherhood. New York University Press. m/s. 185–6. ISBN 0-8147-1925-2. [Pittman] links toxic masculinity to men being raised by women without male role models. In his view, if men raised children they would save their lives, and save the world. On the other hand, John Stoltenberg views toxic masculinity from a strongly antimasculinist, radical feminist perspective, arguing that masculinity can be serious, pervasive, and hateful. 
  16. Ellis, Marie (24 March 2016). "'Tough guys' less likely to be honest with doctor". Medical News Today (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 
  17. Ferber, Abby L. (July 2000). "Racial Warriors and Weekend Warriors: The Construction of Masculinity in Mythopoetic and White Supremacist Discourse" (PDF). Men and Masculinities. 3 (1): 30–56. doi:10.1177/1097184X00003001002.  Reprinted in Murphy, Peter F., penyunting (2004). Feminism and Masculinities. Oxford University Press. m/s. 228–243. ISBN 978-0-19-926724-8. 
  18. Flood, Michael. "Toxic masculinity: A primer and commentary". XY. Dicapai 12 June 2019. 
  19. Ging, Debbie (20 May 2017). "Alphas, Betas, and Incels: Theorizing the Masculinities of the Manosphere" (PDF). Men and Masculinities. doi:10.1177/1097184X17706401. Although the term 'toxic masculinity' has become widely used in both academic and popular discourses, its origins are somewhat unclear. 
  20. Hartman, Rebecca (2003). "Agrarianism". dalam Carroll, Bret. American Masculinities: A Historical Encyclopedia (dalam bahasa Inggeris). SAGE Publications. m/s. 20–22. ISBN 978-1-45-226571-1. 
  21. Horowitz, Kate (28 March 2016). "Psychologists Say Macho Behavior May Help Explain Men's Shorter Lifespans". Mental Floss (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 
  22. Kimmel, Michael S., penyunting (1995). The Politics of Manhood: Profeminist Men Respond to the Mythopoetic Men's Movement (and the Mythopoetic Leaders Answer). Philadelphia: Temple University Press. m/s. 366–7. ISBN 1-56-639365-5. 
  23. Kupers, Terry A. (2004). "Prisons". dalam Kimmel, Michael S.; Aronson, Amy. Men and Masculinities: A Social, Cultural, and Historical Encyclopedia (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. m/s. 630–633. ISBN 978-1-57-607774-0. 
  24. Kupers, Terry A. (June 2005). "Toxic masculinity as a barrier to mental health treatment in prison". Journal of Clinical Psychology. 61 (6): 713–724. doi:10.1002/jclp.20105. 
  25. Kupers, Terry A. (2007). "Working with men in prison". dalam Flood, Michael; dll. International Encyclopedia of Men and Masculinities (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Routledge. m/s. 648–649. ISBN 978-1-13-431707-3. 
  26. Kupers, Terry A. (2010). "Role of Misogyny and Homophobia in Prison Sexual Abuse" (PDF). UCLA Women's Law Journal. 18 (1): 107–30. 
  27. Lindsey, Linda L. (2015). Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective. Routledge. m/s. 70. ISBN 978-1-31-734808-5. 
  28. Longwood, W. Merle; Schipper, William C.; Culbertson, Philip; Kellom, Gar (2012). Forging the Male Spirit: The Spiritual Lives of American College Men (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers. m/s. 65–6. ISBN 978-1-55-635305-5. 
  29. Mankowski, E.S.; Smith, R.M. (2016). "Men's Mental Health and Masculinities". dalam Friedman, Howard S. Encyclopedia of Mental Health, Volume 3 (edisi 2nd). Oxford, UK; Waltham, Massachusetts: Academic Press. m/s. 71. ISBN 978-0-12-397753-3. 
  30. Nicholas, Donald R. (July 2000). "Men, Masculinity, and Cancer: Risk-factor Behaviors, Early Detection, and Psychosocial Adaptation". Journal of American College Health. 49 (1): 27–33. doi:10.1080/07448480009596279. ISSN 0744-8481. PMID 10967881. 
  31. Salter, Michael (27 February 2019). "The Problem With a Fight Against Toxic Masculinity". The Atlantic. 

Rujukan

WikiPedia: Kemaskulinan beracun http://www.popsci.com/research-shows-that-toxic-ma... http://www.salon.com/2015/06/12/toxic_masculinity_... http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/sexis... http://motto.time.com/4273865/donald-trump-toxic-m... http://www2.clarku.edu/faculty/addis/menscoping/fi... //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25860190 http://www.apa.org/monitor/2017/02/men-left-behind... http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/releases/cou-cou0... //doi.org/10.1002%2Fjclp.20099 //doi.org/10.1037%2F0735-7028.27.3.259